Due to the inherent vulnerability of deep neural networks (DNNs), the adversarial example (AE) attack has become a serious threat to intelligent systems, e.g., the failure cause of an image classif…
In this article, the micro corner-cube reflector array (MCCRA) is considered as the optical retroreflector in the modulating retroreflector (MRR) free-space optical (FSO) channel and its wavefront …