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Total Phenol, Flavanoid and Antioxidant Activity of Physalis Angulata Leaves Extract by Subcritical Water Extraction
Physalis angulata, having familiar name in Indonesia as “Ceplukan”, is wellknown empirically in folk medicine
to treat several diseases such as hepatitis, malaria, boil, liver problem, diuretic etc. Clinically several researchers
have revealed the activity of Physalis angulata extract as anticancer, antitumor, antimycobacterial,
immunosuppresion etc. So far, the common method to obtain Physalis angulata extract is by hot water
extraction (HWE) and maceration using organic solvent such as methanol or ethanol. Meanwhile, stricker
regulation of organic solvent residue to the pharmaceutical product encourages the research to replace organic
solvent by environmentally benign solvent. The objective of this research is to investigate the potential of
Physalis angulata leaves extract obtained by Subcritical Water Extraction (SWE) method as antioxidant
The Physalis angulata leaves were extracted by water in subcritical condition. Water in this condition may have
polarity similar with organic solvent, so it can extract the phytochemical in plant material. Three variables were
investigated including pressure (100-200 bar), temperature (100-250oC) and extraction time (15-45 min). After
evaporating the water, the extracts were analyzed for antioxidant activity, total phenol and flavanoid using
spectrophotometer. Water content in extract was analyzed by karl fischer titrator. The result revealed that
pressure has negligible effect, while temperature has significant effect to the antioxidant activity, total phenol and
flavanoid content. The results also compared with that of obtained by conventional methods such as maceration
(water and ethanol), HWE and soxhlet.
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