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Optimization and Application of TiO2 Hollow Microsphere Modified Scattering Layer for the Photovoltaic Conversion Efficiency of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell
In our study, the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) with double-layer thin films were fabricated. The active bottom layer of the structure was mainly made of the commercially available titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles. TiO 2 hollow microspheres (THS) were doped into the TiO 2 composite material and used as the scattering top layer. The THS prepared by the one-pot hydrothermal method was composed of irregularly arranged nanoparticles. Meanwhile, we also characterized the synthesized hollow TiO 2 microspheres by both the scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and the X-ray diffractometer (XRD). Besides, we produced DSSCs with different weight percentages (0.5wt%, 1wt%, and 2wt%) of THS photoanodes. The DSSCs based on pure TiO 2 showed the short-circuit current (J SC ) of 8.33 mA/cm 2 and the photovoltaic conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.75%. The DSSCs manufactured using 1wt%-THS photoanode had J SC of 12.02 mA/cm 2 and a PCE of 5.01%. When compared with the J SC and PCE based on pure TiO 2 DSSCs, a significant improvement in the structure was observed.
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