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Low-Threshold and Sub-kHz-Linewidth Brillouin Laser Based on Chalcogenide Fiber at 2 μm
We experimentally demonstrate a Brillouin fiber laser (BFL) with a low threshold and narrow linewidth at 2 μ m employing a chalcogenide As 2 S 3 fiber as the Brillouin gain fiber. The As 2 S 3 fiber exhibits a Brillouin gain coefficient of 1.76 ×10−9 m/W at 2 μ m, which is two orders of magnitude higher than that of the silica fiber, together with a Brillouin frequency shift of 6.308 GHz and a gain linewidth of 10.2 MHz. By theoretically optimizing the fiber length adopted in the Brillouin ring cavity, a 3-m-long segment of the As 2 S 3 fiber is used to realize a BFL with excellent performance in terms of laser power threshold and linewidth. The BFL shows a total cavity loss of 6.18 dB, corresponding to a cavity feedback parameter of 24.1 % . The lowest laser power threshold of 39 mW and narrowest laser linewidth of ∼ 619 Hz so far, to the best of our knowledge, are simultaneously achieved for the BFL at 2 μ m. These results benefit from not only the extremely high Brillouin gain coefficient and small effective mode field area of the As 2 S 3 fiber but also a suitable Brillouin gain fiber length and low cavity loss of the BFL. The relative intensity noise and temporal stability of the BFL are also investigated. Such a low-threshold and sub-kHz-linewidth laser will facilitate the development of practical applications such as gas sensing and coherent LIDAR in the 2 μ m spectral range.
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