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Study of excess pore water pressure ratio of silty sand soils during seismic loading
One of the most dramatic causes of damage of structures during earthquakes is the development of liquefaction in saturated cohesion less deposits. If the cohesion less deposits are sufficiently loose and the earthquake is sufficiently strong, these deposits tend to densify when subjected to seismic loading. Densification causes the excess pore water pressure to increase and the effective stress of the soil to decrease, leading to a significant loss of shear strength. The phenomenon of pore pressure build-following with the loss of soil strength is known as liquefaction (Committee on Earthquake Engineering, 1985). This research investigated the excess pore water pressure ratio of silty sand soils calculated by two methods. The first method is the one proposed by Marcuson, et al. and the second method is by using a numerical modeling. The numerical modeling was conducted by using FLAC, a finite difference computer code. The excess pore water pressure ratio estimated by those two methods was compared to each other. It was found that ru value from FLAC analysis increases with time and decreases with depth while the Marcuson, et al. (1990) procedure gives relatively constant ru values with depth. It was concluded that the Marcuson, et al. method underestimates the excess pore water pressure ratio calculated by FLAC with difference ranging from 316.667% to 3865.517%
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