Expensive constraint multimodal optimization problems (ECMMOPs) have such characteristics as expensive objectives and constraints, and multiple optimal modalities simultaneously, which pose severe …
Car use restrictions have been adopted in some mega cities that experience rapid car ownership increase and worsening traffic congestion. Although easy to implement and considered fair, most implem…
Feature selection (FS) in data with class imbalance or missing values has received much attention from researchers due to their universality in real-world applications. However, for data with both …