This paper extends a recent demonstration of a 2-line side 15-mode spatial division multiplexing network node. The node is based on fifteen 2 × 2 wavelength cross-connects (WXCs) to direct up to s…
We study and compare different options that allow reducing the coating diameter of single-mode fibers below 180 μm, and we discuss the associated cable miniaturizations and densities. Combining re…
The capacity in space division multiplexing (SDM) systems with coupled channels is fundamentally limited by mode-dependent loss (MDL) and mode-dependent gain (MDG) generated in components and ampli…